Influence of production systems on the contents and composition of bioactive substances from selected traditional vegetables in China
Final Report Abstract
We succeeded finishing the project and got expecting results. • We investigated systematically the selected Asian Brassica species. We found turnip, a root Brassica vegetable, contains high levels of the health-promoting aromatic gluconasturtiin and relative high levels of indole glucosinolates. These bioactive substances are helpful to drop the incidence of the some civilization illnesses and cancer, then beneficial for human health. These results can provide people more information about bioactive substance in Brassica vegetable and consciousness for consuming the selected Brassica vegetables. • From the pot experiments, we found N and S had significant influence on the concentration in turnip. Turnip yield and glucosinolate content in turnip depends on the balanced supply, of N and S. The interactive S and N effect on glucosinolate content is supported by the N/S ratio in turnip roots as high glucosinolate content occurred when N/S ratio < 5. The results showed that manipulating the N and S supply might be one means of altering glucosinolate concentration level and individual glucosinolate proportion in turnip roots, and thereby potentially increase the health benefits when consuming this vegetable. The results presented here might be used to enable practical crop management strategies to be developed in which N and S supply is controlled in order to produce turnips with the highest health-promoting glucosinolate content and composition. • From the micro-plot field experiment the results clearly show that there was significant season, water supply and season x water supply effects on both composition and content of glucosinolates in turnip root. Evidently, it is possible to enhance glucosinolate content in turnip by reducing water supply and proper selection of growing season without affecting yield. This seems to be associated with S uptake, and climatic conditions which in turn are modified by growing season. Water stress also tends to modify GSL composition in turnip roots by enhancing the proportion of aromatic and aliphatic glucosinolates. With this knowledge, growers can save water resources by proper water management strategies aimed at improving product quality, i.e. glucosinolate content, while maintaining a high root yield level. • In two years we conducted field experiments to study the effect of production systems on glucosinolate content in turnip. Intercropping influenced the N uptake of turnip due to competition of intercropped maize. These experiments results showed that glucosinolate content could be regulated by production system in some extent. • We published the project results in two papers, posters and oral presentations. Two 2 PhD students were trained during the project. The project strength the communication and cooperation for further research on vegetable quality between China and Germany.
Publications
- 2005. Composition and contents of phytochemicals (glucosinolates, carotenoids and chlorophylls) and ascorbic acid in selected Brassica species (B. juncea, B. rapa subsp. nipposiuica var. chinoleifera, B. rapa subsp. chinensis, B. rapa subsp. rapa). Appl Bot Food Qual 79, 168-174
Krumbein, A., I. Schonhof and M. Schreiner
- 2005. Effect of nitrogen and sulphur supply on yield and glucosinolates content of turnip (Brassica, rapa L). In: Li CJ, Zhang FS, Dobermann A, Hinsinger P, Lambers H, Li XL, Marschner P, Maene L, McGrath S, Oenema O, Peng SB, Rengel Z, Shen QS, Welch R, von Wiren N, Yan XL, Zhu YG, eds. Plant Nutrition for Food Security, Human Health and Environmental Protection. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 358-359
Li, S. M., M. Schreiner, I. Schonhof, A. Krumbein, L. Li and H. Stützel
- 2005. Effect of water supply and harvest date on yield and glucosinolates content of turnip (Brassica, rapa L.). In: Li CJ, Zhang FS, Dobermann A, Hinsinger P, Lambers H, Li XL, Marschner P, Maene L, McGrath S, Oenema O, Peng SB, Rengel Z, Shen QS, Welch R, von Wiren N, Yan XL, Zhu YQ eds. Plant Nutrition for Food Security, Human Health and Environmental Protection. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 592-593
Zhang, H. Y, M. Schreiner, I. Schonhof, A. Krumbein, L. Li and H. Stützel
- Effect of different water supply and harvest date on yield and glucosinolate content of turnip (Brassica rapa L). 15. International Plant Nutrition Colloquium, 14.-19.9.2005, Peking, China
Zhang, H., M. Schreiner, I. Schonhof, A. Krumbein, B. Gutezeit, L. Li and H. Stützel
- 2006. Glucosinolates content in turnip (Brassica rapa L.) influenced by interaction of N and S supply. 43. Wissenschaftlichen Arbeitstagung der Deutschen Gartenbauwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft und des BDGL, Potsdam
Li, S. M., I. Schonhof, A. Krumbein, L. Li, H. Stützel, M. Schreiner
- 2006. Reduced water supply enhances glucosinolates concentration in turnip (Brassica rapa L.) roots without reducing yield. 43. Wissenschaftlichen Arbeitstagung der Deutschen Gartenbauwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft und des BDGL, Potsdam
Zhang, H., I. Schonhof, A. Krumbein, B. Gutezeit, L. Li, H. Stützel and M. Schreiner
- 2007. Glucosinolate concentration in turnip (Brassica rapa L.) roots as affected by nitrogen and sulfur supply. J Agric Food Chem 55, 8452-8457
Li, S., I. Schonhof, A. Krumbein, L. Li, H. Stützel and M. Schreiner
- 2008. Water supply and growing season influence glucosinolate concentration and composition in turnip root (Brassica rapa L.). J Plant Nutr Soil Sci 171, 255-265
Zhang, H., I. Schonhof, A. Krumbein, B. Gutezeit, L. Li, H. Stützel and M. Schreiner
