Entwicklung und Validierung eines funktionellen Indikatorsystems für die Samenausbreitung durch Vögel
Ökologie und Biodiversität der Pflanzen und Ökosysteme
Zusammenfassung der Projektergebnisse
In this study, we investigated how structural and functional diversity of bird communities and the interactions between frugivorous birds and fruiting plants change along land use and elevational gradients. First, we examined the spatial and temporal pattern of bird communities along the elevational gradient and related the variation to climatic factors and resource availability. Second, we compared how structural diversity (such as species richness and abundance) and functional diversity of bird communities change across elevational and land use gradients. Third, we investigated how elevation and land use affect interactions networks of frugivorous birds and fruiting plants. Fourth, we examined how structural and functional diversity of fruiting plants and avian seed dispersers are associated with the ecosystem function of fruit removal. Finally, we investigated the ability of birds to consume fruits with different sets of traits in natural compared to fragmented forests. Our results illustrate that bird communities, as well as the interactions between frugivorous birds and their plant resources show strong variation among continuous and fragmented forests along the elevational gradient. Spatial and temporal variability are often associated with climatic factors, but also relate to biotic factors and community structure. For instance, we could show that changes in the ratio between fruiting plants and frugivorous birds across the elevational gradient strongly affect the structure of plant-frugivore interaction networks. Our results also demonstrate that the effects of fragmentation on structural diversity can be uncoupled from responses in functional diversity. Our findings therefore suggest that quantifications of structural and functional diversity are needed to understand how human impacts affect species diversity and ecosystem functions across elevational gradients.
Projektbezogene Publikationen (Auswahl)
- (2018) Different responses of taxonomic and functional bird diversity to forest fragmentation across an elevational gradient. Oecologia
Santillán, V., M. Quitián, B. A. Tinoco, E. Zárate, M. Schleuning, K. Böhning-Gaese & E. L. Neuschulz
(Siehe online unter https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-018-4309-x) - (2018) Elevation-dependent effects of forest fragmentation on plantbird interaction networks in the tropical Andes. Ecography, 41, 1497-1506
Quitián, M., V. Santillán, C. I. Espinosa, J. Homeier, K. Böhning-Gaese, M. Schleuning & E. L. Neuschulz
(Siehe online unter https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.03247) - (2018) Morphological trait matching shapes plant-frugivore networks across the Andes. Ecography, 41, 1910-1919
Bender, I. M. A., W. D. Kissling, P. G. Blendinger, K. Böhning-Gaese, I. Hensen, I. Kühn, M. C. Munoz, E. L. Neuschulz, L. Nowak, M. Quitián, F. Saavedra, S. Santillán, T. Töpfer, T. Wiegand, D. M. Dehling & M. Schleuning
(Siehe online unter https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.03396) - (2018) Temperature and precipitation, but not resource availability drive spatio-temporal variation in bird assemblages along a tropical elevational gradient. PLOS ONE
Santillán, V., M. Quitián, B. A. Tinoco, E. Zárate, M. Schleuning, K. Böhning-Gaese & E. L. Neuschulz
(Siehe online unter https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196179) - (2019) Direct and indirect effects of plant and frugivore diversity on structural and functional components of fruit removal, Oecologia,189, 435-44
Quitián, M., V. Santillán, C. I. Espinosa, J. Homeier, K. Böhning-Gaese, M. Schleuning & E. L. Neuschulz
(Siehe online unter https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-018-4324-y) - (2019) Functional responses of avian frugivores to variation of fruit resources in natural and fragmented forests. Functional Ecology 33, 399-410
Quitián, M., V. Santillán, I. M. A. Bender, C. I. Espinosa, J. Homeier, K. Böhning-Gaese, M. Schleuning & E. L. Neuschulz
(Siehe online unter https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13255)
