Die hydraulische Aktivierung von Stomata (HAS) - Entstehung; Einfluss auf Nährstoff- und Wasserhaushalt; Anwendung
Ökologie und Biodiversität der Pflanzen und Ökosysteme
Physik und Chemie der Atmosphäre
Zusammenfassung der Projektergebnisse
The project supported previous results and demonstrated that aerosol deposition can importantly affect plant/atmosphere interactions. Aerosol‐induced water loss is not fully under stomatal control. This reduces drought tolerance and may provide a mechanism by which deposited aerosol plays a direct role in stomatal response to VPD. The co-occurrence of ‘wax degradation’ and reduced drought tolerance of plants exposed to ambient aerosols (AA) suggests a common cause. Deliquescent aerosols are amorphous and mobile. The resulting solution may spread across the leaf surface and into stomata, forming wick structures that link apoplastic water to the leaf surface, and reduce stomatal control. Relative effects can be small and are confounded by biological reactions, so choosing the right measurement protocols is subject to experience and luck. An improved understanding of these processes may be of practical use in agriculture, although there are usually confounding factors. Many open questions remain and should be followed by future research. Given that leaf surfaces influence aerosol capture and may have adapted to stable aerosol regimes, present aerosol concentrations together with increasing vpd might globally challenge vulnerable plant hydraulic systems. The possibility of aerosol involvement in regional tree mortality and forest decline should be evaluated. Consideration of HAS in gas exchange models is also suggested.
Projektbezogene Publikationen (Auswahl)
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(2015): Investigating sources and sinks for ammonia exchanges between the atmosphere and a wheat canopy following slurry application with trailing hose. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 207, 11-23
Personne E., Tardy F., Génermont S., Decuq C., Gueudet J.-C., Mascher N., Durand B., Masson S., Lauransot M., Fléchard C, Burkhardt J., Loubet B.
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(2015): Leaf pubescence as a possibility to increase water use efficiency by promoting condensation. Ecohydrology. 8, 480-492
Konrad W., Burkhardt J., Ebner M., Roth-Nebelsick A.
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(2015): Multiplication of microbes below 0.690 water activity: implications for terrestrial and extraterrestrial life. Environmental Microbiology, 17, 257-277
Stevenson A., Burkhardt J., Cockell C.S., Cray J.A., Dijksterhuis J., Fox-Powell M., Kee T.P., Kminek G., McGenity T.J., Timmis K. N. , Timson D.J., Voytek M.A., Westall F., Yakimov M.M., Hallsworth J.E.
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(2016): How does the VPD response of isohydric and anisohydric plants depend on leaf surface particles? Plant Biology, 18, 91-100
Burkhardt J., Pariyar S.
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(2017): Plants and Atmospheric Aerosols. Progress in Botany, 78, 369-408; Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Burkhardt J., Grantz D.A.
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(2017): Xeromorphic traits help to maintain photosynthesis in the perhumid climate of a Taiwanese cloud forest. Oecologia, 184, 609-621
Pariyar S., Chang S.-C., Zinsmeister D., Zhou H., Grantz D.A., Hunsche M., Burkhardt J.
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(2018): Ambient aerosol increases minimum leaf conductance and alters the aperture–flux relationship as stomata respond to vapor pressure deficit (VPD). New Phytologist
Grantz D.A., Zinsmeister D., Burkhardt J.
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(2018): Tank-mix of chlorantraniliprole and manganese foliar fertilizers: Impact on rheological characteristics, deposit properties and cuticular penetration. Crop Protection, 106, 50-57
Zandonadi C.H.S., Burkhardt J., Hunsche M., Da Cunha J.P.A.R.
