Functionalization of diamond surfaces for biosensor applications

• Applicants: Professor Dr. Jose A. Garrido; Professor Dr. Rainer Jordan
• Subject Area: Measurement Systems
• Term: from 2007 to 2013
• Project identifier: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project number 51175491

• Final Report Year: 2013

Final Report Abstract

In this project various routes for the functionalization of diamond surfaces aiming at the development of enzyme-based biosensors were investigated. As main methods for chemical surface functionalization (I) self-assembled monolayers and (II) polymer brushes were used. Both routes proved to be versatile to effectively and reproducibly modify diamond substrates. In consecutive reactions (e.g. polymer analogue modifications) the functional layers were equipped with various active groups to realize the first biosensor based on modified diamond. The interdisciplinary approach of two groups to combine surface and polymer chemistry with materials science and physics was very successful and is ongoing. Some results obtained during this project laid the foundation of currently on-going collaborations and projects; mainly within the recent initiative of excellence in the NIM cluster at TU München and the cfAED at the TU Dresden. In this project several other research groups from Germany and the US were involved and assisted with their expertise in nanofabrication and characterization.

Publications

• “Structured Polymer Grafts on Diamond”, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129(50), 15655-15661 (2007)
  M. Steenackers, S.Q. Lud, M. Niedermeier, P. Bruno, D.M. Gruen, P. Feulner, M. Stutzmann, J.A. Garrido, R. Jordan
  
• ”Enzyme modified field effect transistors based on surface conductive single crystalline diamond”, Langmuir 24, 9898 – 9906 (2008)
  A. Härtl, B. Baur, M. Stutzmann, J. A. Garrido
  
• “Biofunctionalization of diamond surfaces: fundamentals and applications”, in CVD diamond thin films, Wiley, editor: R. S. Sussmann. (2009)
  J.A. Garrido
  
• ”Diamond transistor array for extracellular recording from electrogenic cells”, Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 2915–2923 (2009)
  M. Dankerl, B. Hofmann, S. Eick, V.M. Hauf, S. Ingebrandt, A. Offenhäuser, M. Stutzmann, J.A. Garrido
  
• “Controlling surface functionality through generation of thiol groups in a self-assembled monolayer”, Langmuir 26, 15895-900, (2010)
  S.Q. Lud, S. Neppl, P. Bruno, D.M. Gruen, P. Feulner, M. Stutzmann, J.A. Garrido
  
• “Electronic properties of ultrananocrystalline diamond surfaces”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 092109 (2010)
  Lud, M. Niedermeier, P.S. Koch, P. Bruno, D.M. Gruen, M. Stutzmann, J.A. Garrido
  
• “Microstructured poly(2-oxazoline) bottle-brush brushes on nanocrystalline diamond”, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 12, 4360 (2010)
  N. A. Hutter, A. Reitinger, N. Zhang, M. Steenackers, O. A. Williams, J. A. Garrido, R. Jordan
  
• “Nanostructured and biofunctionalized polymer brushes on diamond”, Soft Matter 7, 4861 (2011)
  N.A. Hutter, M. Steenackers, A. Reitinger, O.A. Williams, J.A. Garrido, R. Jordan
  
• “Functional Polymer Brushes on Diamond as a Platform for Immobilization and Electrical Wiring of Biomolecules”, Adv. Funct. Mater. (2013)
  A.A. Reitinger, N.A. Hutter, A. Donner, M. Steenackers, O.A. Williams, M. Stutzmann, R. Jordan, J.A. Garrido
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201202342)