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The role of abnormal NMDA receptor-mediated transmission in specific neuronal populations in the post-adolescent onset of psychosis

Subject Area Biological Psychiatry
Term from 2016 to 2021
Project identifier Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project number 290792871
 
Final Report Year 2022

Final Report Abstract

A vast body of evidence supports a causal role of NMDAR-mediated glutamatergic dysfunction in triggering psychosis. However, the neuronal substrate and mechanisms are yet unknown. Previous genetic models of NMDAR hypofunction restricted to parvalbumin-positive interneurons indicate the necessity of an early postnatal impairment to trigger schizophrenia-like abnormalities, whereas the substrates of NMDAR-mediated psychosis at adolescent/adult stages are unknown. We analyzed the effect of the inducible ablation of NMDARs in ErbB4-expressing cells in mice during late adolescence using a pharmacogenetic approach. Interestingly, the tamoxifeninducible NMDAR deletion during this late developmental stage did not induce behavioral alterations resembling depression, schizophrenia or anxiety. Our data indicate that post-adolescent NMDAR deletion, even in a wider cell population than parvalbumin-positive interneurons, is not sufficient to generate behavioral abnormalities resembling psychiatric disorders. Other neuronal substrates may underlie post-adolescent NMDAR-driven psychosis. NMDAR agonists such as D-serine and rapastinel represent promising therapeutic alternatives in the treatment of psychosis with a more favourable side-effect profile than NMDAR antagonists also during neurodevelopment. Surprisingly, targeting microglia activation by minocycline aggravates perinatal neurotoxicity induced by NMDAR blockade, questioning ist uility as early intervention. Perinatal hypoxia as environmental risk factor induces long-term functional impairment of parvalbumin-positive interneurons and is influenced differentially by subunit- versus global NMDAR antagonists.

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