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The relationship between coarticulation, prosodic weakening, and sound change

Subject Area General and Comparative Linguistics, Experimental Linguistics, Typology, Non-European Languages
Term from 2011 to 2017
Project identifier Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project number 193957187
 
Final Report Year 2018

Final Report Abstract

In this project we have investigated the production and perception of items that were designed to reflect well-documented sound changes.We showed that the emergence of Umlaut is likely to be linked to diminished compensation for transconsonantal V2-on-V1 coarticulatory effects although in production stress mainly affected undershoot but not coarticulation patterns. We demonstrated that a similar mechanism may also account for polysyllabic shortening at a higher prosodic level, the sentence accent. Further findings indicate that deaccentuation can cause perceptual lenition which may in turn be related to the spread of lenition in many German varieties. The dissertation by Peters (2015) again has provided tentative evidence for perceptual compensation of cluster-induced vowel shortening and perhaps more importantly insights into the different effects of prosodic weakening at the sentence level on gestural timing. This set of studies provide for the first time evidence in the laboratory for the frequently postulated effects of prosodic weakening on sound change. They also present and develop further the role of the production/perception-link at the individual level. The combined results from these studies, however, also demonstrate that these effects are very subtle and that listeners are usually greatly sensitive to the effects of coarticulation and compensate for them. This again is in line with the observation that despite the great amount of synchronic variability diachronic change only very rarely comes into existence.

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